The United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO and the International Labour Organization (ILO) document ‘Technical Vocational Education and Training for the Twenty First Century’ (lLO, 2002), defines ‘Technical and Vocational Education’ as…‘those aspects of the educational process involving in addition to general education, the study of technologies and related sciences, and the acquisition of practical skills, attitudes, understanding and knowledge relating to occupations in various sectors of economic and social life’. ‘lVET is used as a comprehensive term to cover institution-based formal and non-formal education and training programmes in the Technical and Vocational institutes (J ICA, 2001).
The central purpose of vocational education is to get people into occupations requiring specialized training. The skills and knowledge acquired while training for one occupation may be of‘ little or no relevance in other occupation. According to National Policy on Education (Federal Republic of Nigeria, 2004 Edition), vocational education has the following goals: a. Provide trained manpower in the applied science technology and business particularly craft, advance craft and technical levels. b. Provide the technical knowledge and vocational skills necessary for agricultural, commercial and economic development.c. Give training and impart the necessary skills to individuals who shall be self reliant economically. Technical and Vocational Education and Training, according to Okoro (1994), is that aspect of total educational process that focuses on individual occupation. He further stated that, the function of technical and vocational education is to provide knowledge, develop skills and inculcate those attitudes that are necessary for entry into and progress in occupations. Oranu, (1992), views Technical and Vocational Education as that training that enables one to carry on successfully a socially useful occupation. He further stated that this dellinition refers to technical or technology education as training for useful employments in trade, industry, Agriculture, Business and Horne making. According to Okoro (I993), technical and vocational education is any form of education whose primary purpose is to prepare persons for employment in recognized occupations. Olaitan U996), views technical and vocational education as that form of education, which emphasizes the development of occupational skills needed as preparation for work, It is a form of education, which promotes the dignity of labour by entrenching work as the goal of education. This explanation is necessary, because the difference in emphasis of work as the aim of education is the major distinction between technical education and general education.
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